（1）測量放線階段

邊(bian)坡支護施工(gong)(gong)準備階段(duan)中首先要(yao)做好測量放線(xian)工(gong)(gong)作，這不僅關(guan)系到邊(bian)坡支護的(de)施工(gong)(gong)質量，也影響整體(ti)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)放線(xian)精度。首先要(yao)求做到放線(xian)的(de)幾何(he)尺寸準確無誤、滿(man)足設(she)計要(yao)求。本(ben)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)邊(bian)坡較不規則，但場地(di)起伏大，這對施工(gong)(gong)平面控制(zhi)網的(de)布設(she)比(bi)較不利(li)，考慮該工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)實際情況(kuang)，一次(ci)性建立統一的(de)平面施工(gong)(gong)控制(zhi)網，妥帖地(di)保護，在施工(gong)(gong)期間(jian)能夠長期使(shi)用。測量放線(xian)前(qian)，需提前(qian)復核建筑紅線(xian)與邊(bian)坡的(de)位置關(guan)系，并經相關(guan)單位現場驗線(xian)、確認。

（2）截水與排水的(de)措施

在(zai)高邊坡支護施(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，降水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)設置直接(jie)關系(xi)到施(shi)工(gong)能(neng)否順利地進(jin)行(xing)。本工(gong)程(cheng)水(shui)文地質條件(jian)較為簡(jian)單，根據(ju)工(gong)程(cheng)特性，排水(shui)溝(gou)每20m設置一(yi)條變形縫(feng),縫(feng)寬2cm，縫(feng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應填(tian)塞瀝青麻(ma)筋或(huo)其他彈(dan)性防水(shui)材(cai)料(liao)，填(tian)塞深(shen)度不應小于100mm。坡腳排水(shui)溝(gou)：溝(gou)寬800mm，溝(gou)深(shen)600mm；截(jie)水(shui)溝(gou)：溝(gou)寬800mm，溝(gou)深(shen)600mm；急流(liu)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)：槽(cao)(cao)(cao)寬600mm，槽(cao)(cao)(cao)深(shen)600mm；大急流(liu)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)：槽(cao)(cao)(cao)寬1200mm，槽(cao)(cao)(cao)深(shen)1200mm。在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，要(yao)求對截(jie)、排水(shui)溝(gou)及急流(liu)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)的內(nei)表面(mian)進(jin)行(xing)水(shui)泥砂漿抹面(mian)，確保(bao)水(shui)溝(gou)內(nei)的水(shui)不外滲；泄水(shui)孔入土部分(fen)應設置尼(ni)龍濾(lv)網(wang)；積水(shui)排至(zhi)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)潛水(shui)收集區。

（3）土工(gong)(gong)格柵加筋土擋墻工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)階段

土工(gong)(gong)(gong)格柵加筋土擋(dang)墻施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)直接關(guan)系到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的進度與邊坡(po)的安全性，因此是邊坡(po)支(zhi)護施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中的重中之重，本工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在專項施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方案中就規劃好(hao)(hao)(hao)邊坡(po)支(zhi)護行進路線，并且對不同支(zhi)護階段設計好(hao)(hao)(hao)標(biao)高(gao)及支(zhi)護方法，畫好(hao)(hao)(hao)支(zhi)護示意圖，在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)班(ban)組做好(hao)(hao)(hao)技術交底(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

本工(gong)(gong)(gong)程使用(yong)的(de)土工(gong)(gong)(gong)格柵(zha)為單向拉伸塑料(liao)土工(gong)(gong)(gong)格柵(zha)。加筋體內(nei)體填(tian)(tian)料(liao)選用(yong)加筋體填(tian)(tian)料(liao)采用(yong)碎石土分層填(tian)(tian)筑，分層填(tian)(tian)筑厚(hou)度(du)不(bu)超(chao)過50cm。最(zui)大粒(li)徑(jing)不(bu)大于(yu)150mm，不(bu)得含(han)有(you)尖銳棱角(jiao)等有(you)損塑料(liao)土工(gong)(gong)(gong)堅硬(ying)碎石，不(bu)得含(han)有(you)草根樹枝等有(you)機物(wu)。現場(chang)填(tian)(tian)料(liao)含(han)水量范圍約最(zui)優含(han)水量±2%，根據施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)所用(yong)壓(ya)(ya)實(shi)機械(xie)規格性能，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)碾(nian)壓(ya)(ya)遍數等施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)參(can)數應經現場(chang)試驗獲取(qu)，壓(ya)(ya)實(shi)度(du)≥94%，要(yao)求回(hui)填(tian)(tian)壓(ya)(ya)實(shi)后的(de)填(tian)(tian)土天然綜合內(nei)摩(mo)擦角(jiao)≥35°，填(tian)(tian)土飽和綜合內(nei)摩(mo)擦角(jiao)≥30°。

在(zai)鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)過程中，為(wei)了保證項(xiang)目高效且(qie)高質量完成，需(xu)(xu)(xu)提(ti)前進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)準備工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，包(bao)麻袋(dai)長(chang)(chang)度(du)(du)(du)與(yu)設(she)(she)計長(chang)(chang)度(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)和為(wei)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)柵的(de)(de)(de)(de)下料長(chang)(chang)度(du)(du)(du)，且(qie)每(mei)層(ceng)(ceng)填(tian)料必(bi)須壓實整平后才可(ke)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)下一次的(de)(de)(de)(de)填(tian)料，傾斜度(du)(du)(du)小于百(bai)分之(zhi)五。為(wei)了保證土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)柵的(de)(de)(de)(de)力學強度(du)(du)(du)，每(mei)隔(ge)1.5-2米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)距離用U型卡釘把(ba)其固定在(zai)地面。在(zai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)下料時(shi)(shi)(shi)，碎(sui)石濾水層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)要(yao)(yao)根(gen)據項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)計要(yao)(yao)求進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)，麻袋(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)要(yao)(yao)根(gen)據邊坡控制線和回填(tian)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高度(du)(du)(du)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)，擺(bai)成一個坡面；在(zai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)碎(sui)石濾水層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，初期是(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)靜壓操作，也就(jiu)是(shi)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)和機械配合(he)整平完成后用20T的(de)(de)(de)(de)振動壓路(lu)機進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)至少(shao)兩遍(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)碾(nian)壓，之(zhi)后再進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)振動，不少(shao)于四遍(bian)。鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)柵需(xu)(xu)(xu)注意鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平整度(du)(du)(du)，每(mei)層(ceng)(ceng)鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)格(ge)(ge)柵時(shi)(shi)(shi)，上層(ceng)(ceng)鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)均需(xu)(xu)(xu)比下層(ceng)(ceng)長(chang)(chang)一些，每(mei)層(ceng)(ceng)鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)需(xu)(xu)(xu)壓實后再進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)下一層(ceng)(ceng)鋪(pu)(pu)設(she)(she)。

（4）坡面植(zhi)被防護工程施工

因本項工程的(de)(de)地質情況較好，在(zai)(zai)(zai)噴射第(di)(di)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)土(tu)前(qian)，應(ying)用水(shui)或(huo)高(gao)壓(ya)風(feng)將坡面上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)粉(fen)塵雜物沖洗(xi)干凈(jing)。第(di)(di)二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)混合草(cao)(cao)(cao)籽(zi)(含適量的(de)(de)草(cao)(cao)(cao)花種(zhong)子和灌木種(zhong)子)土(tu)要(yao)拌和均勻，應(ying)采用攪拌機在(zai)(zai)(zai)短(duan)時間(jian)內完成(cheng)。養(yang)護(hu)初(chu)期(qi)應(ying)讓坡面保持濕潤狀態，主要(yao)以(yi)(yi)澆(jiao)水(shui)為重，早上(shang)(shang)十點(dian)前(qian)對植被進(jin)(jin)行(xing)第(di)(di)一(yi)次澆(jiao)水(shui)，晚(wan)上(shang)(shang)十六點(dian)之后(hou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)第(di)(di)二(er)次澆(jiao)水(shui)，要(yao)避免在(zai)(zai)(zai)午間(jian)陽光強烈的(de)(de)情況下(xia)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)澆(jiao)水(shui)，否(fou)則(ze)(ze)易導致(zhi)生理學缺水(shui)，或(huo)誘(you)發病蟲害(hai)，一(yi)天(tian)兩次澆(jiao)水(shui)，養(yang)護(hu)時間(jian)大約在(zai)(zai)(zai)45至60天(tian)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)草(cao)(cao)(cao)長到10厘米(mi)之前(qian)需人工進(jin)(jin)行(xing)養(yang)護(hu)，待長到10厘米(mi)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)后(hou)靠自然降(jiang)水(shui)。如若遇到干旱天(tian)氣(qi)，高(gao)溫(wen)且不降(jiang)雨超過(guo)五天(tian)，則(ze)(ze)應(ying)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)人工澆(jiao)水(shui)。養(yang)護(hu)期(qi)12個(ge)月。草(cao)(cao)(cao)籽(zi)的(de)(de)成(cheng)活率(lv)應(ying)達90%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，否(fou)則(ze)(ze)應(ying)補(bu)種(zhong)。